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The name of each technique is made up of- (1) the attack, (2) the defense, and, if applicable, (3) the direction.
| Japanese Word |
Approximate Pronunciation |
Approximate Meaning |
| Attacks |
| Katadori |
kah-tah doe-ree |
Shoulder grab |
| Katate Dori |
kah-tah-teh doe-ree |
Single wrist grab |
| Gyakute Dori |
gyah-koo-teh doe-ree |
Cross-wrist grab |
| Ryote Dori |
ree-oh-teh doe-ree |
Both wrist grab |
| Morote Dori |
moe-roe-teh doe-ree |
Two hands on one forearm grab |
| Hiji Dori |
he-jee doe-ree |
Elbow grab |
| Eri Dori |
eh-ree doe-ree |
Collar grab |
| Shomen uchi |
show-mehn oo-chee |
Top of the head strike |
| Yokomen uchi |
yo-co-mehn oo-chee |
Side of the head strike |
| Mune tsuki |
moo-net skee |
Chest/stomach punch |
| Ushiro |
oo-she-roe |
From the rear |
| Defenses |
| Ikkyo |
ee-kyoh |
First form or teaching |
| Nikkyo |
knee-kyoh |
Second form |
| Sankyo |
sahn-kyoh |
Third form |
| Yonkyo |
yohn-kyoh |
Fourth form |
| Gokyo |
go-kyoh |
Fifth form |
| Irimi nage |
ee-ree-mee nah-geh |
Entering throw |
| Kaiten nage |
kigh-ten nah-geh |
Rotary throw |
| Koshi nage |
co-she nah-geh |
Hip throw |
| Kokyu nage |
co-kew nah-geh |
Breath/relationship throw |
| Kokyu ho |
co-kew ho |
Breath/relationship method |
| Kote gaeshi |
co-teh gah-eh-she |
Wrist twist/return |
| Shiho nage |
shee-ho nah-ghe |
Four direction throw |
| Sumi otoshi |
sue-mee oh-toe-she |
Corner throw |
| Tenchi nage |
tehn-chee nah-geh |
Heaven and Earth |
There are only two directional references used in Aikido
techniques - irimi (ee-ree-mee) or omote (oh-moe-teh) and tenkan
(tehn-kahn) or Ura (oo-rah). Irimi and omote refer to movements
which enter into or stop in front of the atttacker. Tenkan and
ura refer to movements which turn to the outside or step around
behind the attacker. Some techniques do not have a "direction.";
However, if a technique has an irimi or omote variation, it will
always have a tenkan or ura variation. These terms are paired
together - irimi is used with tenkan and omote is used with
ura.
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